Finding the Source of a Refrigerator Leak - Quick Fixes and Tips to Prevent Future Leaks

A leaking refrigerator can cause a lot of frustration and potential damage to your home. Not only can it create a mess on your kitchen floor, but it can also lead to mold growth and water damage if not addressed promptly. To prevent further issues, it’s crucial to identify the cause of the leak and find a solution. In this article, we will walk you through some easy steps to help you identify the cause of a refrigerator leak and provide you with prevention tips to avoid future leaks.

One common cause of a refrigerator leak is a clogged or frozen defrost drain. Over time, the drain can become blocked with debris, preventing water from properly draining out of the refrigerator. This can lead to water pooling in the bottom of the fridge or leaking onto the floor. To address this issue, you can try clearing the defrost drain using a mixture of hot water and mild detergent. Gently pour the solution down the drain, allowing it to dissolve any blockages. If the leak persists, you may need to call a professional for further assistance.

Another potential cause of a refrigerator leak is a faulty or damaged water inlet valve. This valve is responsible for controlling the flow of water into the refrigerator for ice making and water dispensing functions. If the valve is cracked or worn out, it can result in water leakage. To check if the water inlet valve is the culprit, locate it at the back of the fridge and inspect it for any signs of damage. If you notice any cracks or signs of wear, you may need to replace the valve to resolve the leak.

Prevention is key when it comes to avoiding refrigerator leaks. Regularly inspect the door gaskets to ensure a proper seal. Damaged or worn out gaskets can cause condensation buildup, leading to a leak. Additionally, make sure to clean the condenser coils at least once a year to prevent dust and debris from blocking proper airflow. Keep an eye on the drain pan as well, as it can become cracked or damaged over time. By performing these simple maintenance tasks, you can reduce the risk of a refrigerator leak and extend the lifespan of your appliance.

In conclusion, identifying the cause of a refrigerator leak is essential for addressing the issue promptly and avoiding further damage. By checking for clogged drains, inspecting the water inlet valve, and practicing preventive maintenance, you can easily troubleshoot and resolve the problem. Remember, if you’re unsure or uncomfortable performing any repairs yourself, it’s always best to seek professional assistance. With proper care and attention, you can keep your refrigerator leak-free and functioning efficiently for years to come.

Understanding Refrigerator Leaks: Common Causes and Solutions

A leaking refrigerator can be a source of frustration and potential damage to your home. It’s important to understand the common causes of refrigerator leaks in order to identify and fix the problem. Here are some common causes of refrigerator leaks and their solutions:

• Blocked or clogged defrost drain: One of the most common causes of refrigerator leaks is a blocked or clogged defrost drain. Over time, the defrost drain can become clogged with food particles, debris, or ice. This can cause water to back up and leak out of the refrigerator. To fix this issue, you can try to flush the drain with hot water or use a pipe cleaner to remove any blockages.
• Leaking ice maker: Another common cause of refrigerator leaks is a leaking ice maker. If the water supply line to the ice maker is damaged or not properly connected, it can result in leaks. To fix this issue, you can check the water supply line for any damage or leaks and ensure that it is properly connected to the ice maker.
• Malfunctioning water filter: A malfunctioning water filter can also cause refrigerator leaks. If the water filter is old or clogged, it can cause water to leak out of the refrigerator. To fix this issue, you can replace the water filter with a new one.
• Improper leveling: If your refrigerator is not properly leveled, it can cause water to leak. When a refrigerator is not level, the water inside the appliance can flow to one side and leak out. To fix this issue, you can use a level to ensure that the refrigerator is properly balanced.
• Condensation: Sometimes, refrigerator leaks can be caused by condensation. If your refrigerator is not properly insulated, it can result in condensation buildup, which can lead to leaks. To fix this issue, you can check the door seals and ensure that they are properly sealing the refrigerator.
• Excessive frost buildup: Excessive frost buildup in the freezer can also cause refrigerator leaks. When there is too much frost in the freezer, it can result in melting ice, which can leak out of the refrigerator. To fix this issue, you can defrost the freezer and remove any excess frost.

By understanding the common causes of refrigerator leaks and implementing the appropriate solutions, you can prevent further damage to your refrigerator and home. Regular maintenance and inspection of your refrigerator can help identify any potential issues before they become a major problem.

Clogged Defrost Drain

A clogged defrost drain can cause water to leak from your refrigerator. The defrost drain is a tube located at the bottom of your freezer that allows melted ice and frost to drain out of the appliance. Over time, this drain can become blocked with debris, causing water to back up and leak onto the floor.

To unclog the defrost drain, you can follow these steps:

Regularly cleaning and maintaining the defrost drain can help prevent leaks and keep your refrigerator functioning properly. It is recommended to clean the drain every few months or as needed, depending on how often ice builds up in the freezer.

If you’ve followed these steps and the leak persists, it may be a good idea to contact a professional appliance repair technician for further assistance.

Signs of a Clogged Defrost Drain

If your refrigerator is leaking water inside the fridge or pooling at the bottom, it may be due to a clogged defrost drain. The defrost drain is responsible for carrying excess moisture from the freezer to a drain pan located at the bottom of the fridge. When this drain becomes clogged, the water has nowhere to go and ends up leaking onto the floor.

Here are some signs that indicate a clogged defrost drain:

1. Water pooling in the bottom of the fridge: One of the most noticeable signs of a clogged defrost drain is water collecting at the bottom of the fridge. This water may appear clear or slightly discolored and may also have a foul odor.

2. Ice accumulation or frost in the freezer: A clogged defrost drain can cause excess moisture to accumulate in the freezer, leading to the formation of ice or frost on the freezer walls or floor. If you notice a buildup of ice or frost in your freezer, it’s a good indicator that your defrost drain is clogged.

3. Water or ice leaking onto the floor: As the water from the clogged drain builds up, it may eventually overflow and leak onto the floor. This can be a potential hazard, as it can lead to slip and fall accidents.

4. Strange or loud noises coming from the fridge: A clogged defrost drain can also cause the refrigerator to make strange or loud noises. This is because the excess moisture can freeze on the evaporator fan or motor, causing it to become imbalanced and produce unusual sounds.

If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to address the clogged defrost drain issue as soon as possible to prevent further damage to your refrigerator and to avoid potential water damage to your kitchen floor. Regular maintenance and cleaning of the defrost drain can help prevent clogs and keep your refrigerator running smoothly.

How to Unclog the Defrost Drain

If you suspect that a clogged defrost drain is causing your refrigerator to leak, here are the steps you can take to unclog it:

1. Start by unplugging your refrigerator to ensure your safety.
2. Locate the defrost drain. It is usually found at the back of the freezer section, behind the back panel.
3. If there is excessive ice buildup in the freezer, try defrosting it by leaving the freezer door open for a few hours. Alternatively, you can use a hairdryer to melt the ice.
4. Once the ice has melted, carefully remove the back panel to access the defrost drain. Be cautious not to damage any components while doing so.
5. Inspect the drain for any debris or ice obstruction. Use a pipe cleaner or a stiff brush to remove any clogs, being gentle so as not to damage the drain.
6. Flush the drain with hot water to ensure it is completely clear of any blockages. You can use a turkey baster or pour water directly down the drain using a funnel.
7. After unclogging the drain, reassemble the back panel and plug in your refrigerator.

To prevent future clogs, it is recommended to clean the defrost drain regularly. This can be done by pouring a mixture of warm water and mild dish soap down the drain. Repeat this process every few months to keep the drain free from obstructions.

Remember to always refer to the manufacturer’s manual for specific instructions on how to unclog the defrost drain for your particular refrigerator model.

Faulty Water Inlet Valve

Another common cause of refrigerator leaks is a faulty water inlet valve. The water inlet valve is responsible for controlling the flow of water into the refrigerator’s water dispenser and ice maker. If the valve is damaged or worn out, it can lead to leaks.

Here are some signs that your water inlet valve may be faulty:

• Water dripping from the water dispenser
• Pooling water underneath the refrigerator
• Ice maker not filling with water

If you suspect that the water inlet valve is the cause of the leak, you can try troubleshooting it by:

1. Checking the water supply line for any kinks or clogs
2. Inspecting the valve for any cracks or damage
3. Testing the valve with a multimeter to see if it is functioning properly

If you find any issues with the water inlet valve, it is recommended to replace it with a new one. You can purchase a replacement valve from an appliance parts store or online retailer.

Prevention tip: Regularly inspect and maintain the water inlet valve to ensure its proper functioning. Replace it as soon as you notice any signs of wear or damage to avoid leaks and water damage to your refrigerator.

Indications of a Faulty Water Inlet Valve

A refrigerator leak can often be traced back to a faulty water inlet valve. This valve controls the flow of water into the refrigerator’s ice maker and water dispenser. When the valve is not functioning properly, it can cause water to leak out of the refrigerator and puddle on the floor.

There are several indications that the water inlet valve may be the cause of a refrigerator leak:

If you notice any of these indications, it is important to have the water inlet valve checked and repaired or replaced by a qualified technician. Ignoring a faulty valve can result in further damage to your refrigerator and potential water damage to your home.

Regular maintenance and cleaning of the water inlet valve can help prevent issues from arising. Making sure the valve is free from debris and sediment buildup can extend its lifespan and ensure proper functionality.

Replacing the Water Inlet Valve

If you have determined that the water inlet valve is the cause of the leak in your refrigerator, you may need to replace it. Here is a step-by-step guide to help you:

1. First, unplug the refrigerator from the power source to ensure your safety.
2. Locate the water inlet valve, which is usually located at the back of the refrigerator near the bottom.
3. Turn off the water supply to the refrigerator by closing the shut-off valve.
4. Next, remove the water supply line from the inlet valve. You may need a wrench to unscrew the nut securing the line.
5. Disconnect the electrical connectors attached to the inlet valve.
6. Using a screwdriver or wrench, remove the screws or bolts holding the valve in place.
7. Take the old water inlet valve out of the refrigerator.
8. Install the new water inlet valve by following the reverse order of the previous steps.
9. Make sure the water supply line is securely attached and tightened.
10. Plug the refrigerator back into the power source and turn on the water supply.
11. Check for any leaks and ensure the water flows properly.

It’s important to note that if you are not comfortable with performing these steps, it is recommended to seek professional help. A certified technician can safely replace the water inlet valve for you.

Remember that regular maintenance and inspection of your refrigerator can help prevent leaks and extend the lifespan of your appliance. Pay attention to any signs of leaks and address them promptly to avoid further damage to your refrigerator and surrounding area.

Damaged or Misaligned Door Gasket

The door gasket on your refrigerator is responsible for creating a tight seal between the door and the main body of the fridge. This seal helps to keep the cold air inside and prevent warm air from seeping in. If the door gasket is damaged or misaligned, it can lead to a refrigerator leak.

One common issue is a torn or cracked door gasket. Over time, the rubber material can wear down and lose its elasticity, making it less effective in creating a seal. Check the door gasket for any visible damage or signs of wear. If you notice any tears or cracks, it’s time to replace the gasket.

Another problem that can occur is if the door gasket is not properly aligned with the fridge door. This can happen if the gasket gets twisted or if the door is not closing properly. When the gasket is misaligned, it can create gaps where air can escape, causing leaks. Take a close look at the gasket and make sure it is snug against the door when it is closed. If it is not aligned correctly, you may need to adjust the gasket or the door hinges to fix the issue.

Prevention tips:

• Regularly inspect the door gasket for any signs of damage or wear. Replace it if necessary.
• Make sure the door is closing properly and is not misaligned. Adjust the gasket or door hinges if needed.
• Keep the gasket clean and free from debris or sticky substances. Wipe it down with a mild cleaner or soap and water.
• Avoid placing heavy or bulky items on the fridge door, as this can cause the gasket to warp or misalign.

By addressing the issues with a damaged or misaligned door gasket, you can prevent refrigerator leaks and ensure that your appliance runs efficiently.

Identifying a Damaged or Misaligned Door Gasket

A common cause of a refrigerator leak is a damaged or misaligned door gasket. The door gasket is the rubber seal that forms a tight seal between the refrigerator door and the refrigerator body. Over time, the gasket can become worn, torn, or loose, allowing air and moisture to escape from the refrigerator.

To check if your door gasket is damaged or misaligned, start by inspecting the gasket for any visible signs of wear or damage. Look for cracks, tears, or gaps in the rubber. Next, close the refrigerator door and feel around the edges of the gasket for any drafts of cold air. A properly functioning gasket should create an airtight seal, so if you feel any cold air escaping, it may indicate that the gasket is damaged or not aligned correctly.

If you suspect that your door gasket is misaligned, try adjusting the hinges or latches on the refrigerator door to ensure that it sits flush against the refrigerator body. If the gasket is damaged, it will need to be replaced. You can find a replacement gasket at a local appliance store or order one online. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for removing the old gasket and installing the new one.

Preventing damage to the door gasket is essential for maintaining the efficiency of your refrigerator. Avoid pulling or tugging on the gasket when opening or closing the refrigerator door, as this can cause it to stretch or tear. Clean the gasket regularly with warm, soapy water to remove any dirt or debris that could cause the gasket to deteriorate. Taking these preventive measures will help extend the life of your door gasket and prevent leaks in the future.

Replacing the Door Gasket

If you have noticed that your refrigerator is leaking and you have already checked the common causes, such as a clogged drain or a faulty water line, it might be time to inspect the door gasket. The door gasket is a rubber seal that helps keep the cold air inside the refrigerator and prevents warm air from getting in.

To replace the door gasket, follow these steps:

Replacing the door gasket can help improve the efficiency of your refrigerator and prevent leaks. It is important to use the right gasket for your specific make and model of refrigerator to ensure a proper seal. If you are unsure about how to replace the gasket or if the leak persists after replacement, it may be best to contact a professional appliance repair technician for assistance.

Leaking Water Filter

If you have a refrigerator with a water filter, it’s possible that the leak is coming from the filter itself. Here are some common causes of a leaking water filter and how to identify them:

• Loose connections: Check if the connections between the filter and the refrigerator are tight. If they are loose, simply tighten them with a wrench or pliers.
• Cracked filter housing: Inspect the filter housing for any cracks or damage. If you notice any, you may need to replace the housing to fix the leak.
• Incorrect installation: Ensure that the filter is correctly installed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. An improperly installed filter can cause leaks.
• Expired filter: If your water filter has expired, it may start leaking. Make sure to replace it with a new one to prevent any potential leaks.

Prevention Tips:

• Regularly inspect the filter for any signs of damage or wear. Replace it if necessary.
• Follow the manufacturer’s instructions when installing or replacing the filter.
• Check the connections periodically to make sure they are tight.
• Replace the filter on time, as recommended by the manufacturer, to avoid any potential leaks.

By identifying and addressing the cause of a leaking water filter, you can prevent further damage to your refrigerator and ensure smooth operation.

Symptoms of a Leaking Water Filter

If you suspect that the water filter in your refrigerator is leaking, there are a few symptoms that you can look out for:

• Water pooling around the base of the refrigerator: One of the most obvious signs of a leaking water filter is water accumulating on the floor around the refrigerator. This is typically caused by a faulty filter or loose connections.
• Water dripping from the water dispenser: If you notice water dripping from the water dispenser, it could be a sign that the filter is leaking. Check the area around the dispenser for any signs of water leakage.
• Reduced water flow: Another symptom of a leaking water filter is a decrease in water flow from the dispenser. If you find that the water is coming out slower than usual, it could be due to a leak in the filter.
• Foul taste or odor in the water: A leaking water filter can also result in a foul taste or odor in the water. If you notice a strange taste or smell in your drinking water, it’s possible that the filter is not functioning properly.
• Visible signs of damage: Inspect the water filter and its housing for any visible signs of damage, such as cracks or leaks. These could be indications that the filter needs to be replaced.

If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s important to address the issue as soon as possible. A leaking water filter can not only contaminate your drinking water, but it can also lead to more serious damage to your refrigerator if left untreated.

Replacing the Water Filter

If you notice a leak coming from your refrigerator, one possible cause could be a clogged or faulty water filter. Over time, water filters can become clogged with debris and contaminants, causing water to back up and leak. Replacing the water filter is a simple solution that can help resolve this issue.

To replace the water filter, follow these steps:

It is recommended to replace the water filter every 6 months or according to the manufacturer’s instructions, as this will help ensure optimal performance and prevent leaks.

Remember to always consult the refrigerator’s manual for specific instructions on how to replace the water filter, as the process may vary depending on the model and brand of the refrigerator.

By regularly replacing the water filter, you can prevent leaks and ensure that the water dispensed from your refrigerator is clean and safe to consume.

Cracked Drain Pan

A common cause of refrigerator leaks is a cracked drain pan. The drain pan is located underneath the refrigerator and is designed to catch and collect any water that drips from the freezer during the defrosting process.

If the drain pan becomes cracked or damaged, it can cause water to leak onto the floor or into the base of the refrigerator. This can lead to water damage and potentially even mold growth if left untreated.

To check for a cracked drain pan, carefully remove the grille or kick plate at the front of the refrigerator. The drain pan should be visible, usually towards the back of the unit. Inspect the pan for any cracks or signs of damage. If you find a crack, it will need to be replaced.

To prevent a cracked drain pan, avoid placing heavy objects on top of the refrigerator that could potentially cause damage. Additionally, regularly inspect the area around the refrigerator for any signs of water or moisture, as this can indicate a problem with the drain pan or other components.

If you notice a cracked drain pan or any other issues with your refrigerator, it is best to contact a professional technician for repairs. They can properly diagnose the problem and provide the necessary solutions to fix it.

Spotting a Cracked Drain Pan

A cracked drain pan is another common cause of refrigerator leaks. The drain pan is located at the bottom of the refrigerator, beneath the evaporator coils. Its purpose is to collect condensation and water that drips down from the coils during the defrost cycle.

To identify a cracked drain pan, you’ll need to inspect the area around the bottom of your refrigerator. Look for any signs of pooling water or dampness. You may also notice a musty odor coming from the area, which can be a sign that water is collecting and not evaporating properly. Another indication of a cracked drain pan is if you see water leaking out from under the refrigerator.

If you suspect that your drain pan is damaged, you’ll need to remove the refrigerator’s kick plate to access it. The kick plate is typically located at the front bottom of the refrigerator and is held in place by clips or screws. Once you have access to the drain pan, visually inspect it for any cracks or damage. If you find a crack, it’s important to replace the drain pan as soon as possible.

Replacing a cracked drain pan is not a difficult process, but it does require some basic DIY skills. You can purchase a replacement drain pan from the refrigerator manufacturer or a reputable appliance parts supplier. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for removing the old drain pan and installing the new one.

Prevention is key when it comes to a cracked drain pan. Regularly inspect the area around your refrigerator for any signs of leaking or moisture. If you notice any issues, address them promptly to prevent further damage. Additionally, it’s important to clean your condenser coils regularly to prevent excess water and moisture buildup. A clean condenser will help ensure that moisture is properly collected and drained away.

In conclusion, a cracked drain pan is a common cause of refrigerator leaks. By being vigilant and regularly inspecting your refrigerator, you can spot a cracked drain pan early and take the necessary steps to replace it. Remember to also implement preventive measures, such as cleaning your condenser coils, to minimize the risk of future leaks.

Fixing or Replacing the Drain Pan

If you have identified the drain pan as the cause of the refrigerator leak, there are a few steps you can take to fix or replace it:

1. Empty the drain pan: Start by unplugging the refrigerator and removing the contents of the drain pan. Carefully dispose of any water or debris collected in the pan.

2. Clean the drain pan: Use warm soapy water and a sponge to thoroughly clean the drain pan. Be sure to remove any dirt, mold, or mildew that may have accumulated over time.

3. Inspect for damage: Check the drain pan for any cracks, holes, or damage. If you notice any, it may be necessary to replace the drain pan entirely.

4. Fix minor leaks: If the drain pan has minor leaks or cracks, you can try using waterproof sealant or epoxy to patch up the damaged areas. Make sure to follow the instructions on the product you choose to use.

5. Replace the drain pan: If the drain pan is severely damaged or cannot be fixed, you will need to replace it. Contact the manufacturer or a professional technician to order a replacement drain pan that is compatible with your refrigerator make and model.

6. Install the new drain pan: Once you have the replacement drain pan, carefully follow the manufacturer’s instructions to install it properly. Make sure it is securely in place and positioned correctly.

7. Regular maintenance: To prevent future leaks and maintain the integrity of the drain pan, it’s important to clean it regularly. Check the drain pan every few months and remove any water or debris that has accumulated.

Note: If you are unsure about fixing or replacing the drain pan yourself, it’s best to consult a professional technician to avoid causing further damage to your refrigerator.

Blocked or Frozen Defrost Tube

A blocked or frozen defrost tube can also cause a refrigerator leak. The defrost tube is responsible for draining the water that forms during the defrost cycle. If the tube becomes blocked or frozen, the water will have nowhere to go and can leak out of the refrigerator.

Here are some common causes of a blocked or frozen defrost tube:

To prevent a blocked or frozen defrost tube, it is important to regularly clean the tube and ensure that the temperature settings of the refrigerator are correct. Additionally, scheduling regular maintenance checks with a professional technician can help identify and resolve any issues with the defrost system.

Recognizing a Blocked or Frozen Defrost Tube

If you notice water pooling at the bottom of your refrigerator, it could be a sign of a blocked or frozen defrost tube. The defrost tube is responsible for draining away the water that forms during the defrost cycle. If the tube becomes blocked or frozen, the water will not be able to drain properly, leading to leaks.

Here are some signs that may indicate a blocked or frozen defrost tube:

If you suspect a blocked or frozen defrost tube, it is important to address the issue as soon as possible to prevent further damage to your refrigerator. Follow these steps to resolve the problem:

1. Unplug the refrigerator and remove any items from the freezer.
2. Locate the defrost tube, which is typically located at the back of the freezer compartment.
3. Inspect the tube for any visible blockages or ice buildup.
4. If you see a blockage or ice, use a hairdryer on low heat to gently thaw the tube and remove the blockage.
5. Once the tube is clear, pour a small amount of warm water through it to ensure proper drainage.
6. Plug the refrigerator back in and monitor the area for any further leaks.

Prevention is key to avoiding future issues with your defrost tube. Regularly cleaning and maintaining your refrigerator can help prevent blockages and freezing. Also, be sure to check the seals around the freezer door to ensure they are properly sealing and not allowing warm air to enter.

By recognizing the signs of a blocked or frozen defrost tube and taking the necessary steps to address the issue, you can prevent leaks and keep your refrigerator running smoothly.

Clearing the Blocked Defrost Tube

If you have determined that the cause of the refrigerator leak is a blocked defrost tube, follow these steps to clear it:

1. Unplug the refrigerator: Before attempting any repairs or maintenance, make sure to unplug the refrigerator from the power source to ensure your safety.

2. Locate the defrost drain: The defrost drain is usually located at the back of the freezer compartment. It is a small hole or tube that leads to the drain pan.

3. Remove any debris: Use a small brush, such as a toothbrush, or a pipe cleaner to remove any debris or ice that may be blocking the defrost drain. Be gentle to avoid causing any damage.

4. Flush with hot water: Once the debris is cleared, pour hot water down the defrost drain to flush out any remaining blockage. You can also use a turkey baster or a syringe to direct the water into the drain.

5. Check for proper drainage: After clearing the defrost tube, check if water is flowing freely into the drain pan. You can use a small amount of water to test this. If water is still not draining properly, repeat the cleaning process or consider seeking professional help.

6. Prevention tips: To prevent future blockages of the defrost tube, avoid placing items directly against the back wall of the freezer. It is also essential to regularly clean and defrost your refrigerator to prevent ice buildup.

By following these steps and implementing proper maintenance, you can effectively clear a blocked defrost tube in your refrigerator and prevent future leaks.

Excessive Condensation

If you notice excessive condensation on the interior or exterior of your refrigerator, it may be a sign of a problem. Here are a few potential causes of excessive condensation:

• Humidity: High humidity levels in your home can cause excessive condensation on the refrigerator. Make sure to keep your home properly ventilated to reduce humidity.
• Door Seal Issues: If the door seal of your refrigerator is damaged or not sealing properly, warm air from outside can enter the refrigerator, causing condensation. Inspect the door seal for any cracks or tears and replace it if necessary.
• Temperature Setting: If the temperature inside the refrigerator is set too low, it can cause excess condensation. Check the temperature settings and adjust them accordingly.
• Blocked Drain: A blocked drain in the refrigerator can cause water to accumulate and lead to excess condensation. Clean the drain tube and remove any debris or blockages to solve the problem.
• Excessive Opening: Opening the refrigerator frequently or leaving the door open for prolonged periods can allow warm air to enter, leading to condensation. Make sure to minimize the time the door is open and close it tightly after each use.

By addressing these potential causes of excessive condensation, you can prevent further damage to your refrigerator and ensure it operates efficiently without leaks.

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